What is the medical term for a bulge in the wall of an artery that can rupture?

• A. Aneurysm
• B. Angiofibrosis
• C. Atheroma
• D. Dissection

Answer: (A)

A bulge in the wall of an artery that can rupture is called an aneurysm. It happens when a section of the vessel wall becomes weakened and balloons outward, forming a localized dilation that is at risk of tearing and bleeding. This concept is different from a dissection, which involves a tear that splits the layers of the wall and creates a separate channel for blood; atheroma refers to fatty plaque buildup that narrows the artery rather than bulging it; and angiofibrosis isn’t the term used for a dilated artery wall. Understanding aneurysms helps explain why they’re dangerous and why monitoring and treatment are important to prevent rupture.